Do you think that the Triumvirate was good or bad for Rome?

Annotated Bibliography

             Baker, Rosalie F., and Charles F. Baker III. Ancient Romans. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Description:  In this secondary source, it tells about how Marcus was very well educated while he was a kid because his dad was a consul. Marcus became very rich from the Roman Fire Brigade. Crassus also ruled Rome in a triumvirate with Caesar and Pompey from 59 B.C. till his death in 53 B.C.


Baker, Rosalie F., and Charles F. Baker III. Ancient Romans. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Description: This primary source gave me a quote that was said by Marcus Licinius Crassus. “ Men who devote much effort and time to building are their own undoers, and need no enemies.” 


 Howe, Helen., and Robert T. Howe. Ancient and Medieval Worlds. White Plains, New York: Longman Press, 1992

Description: In this secondary source, there was much to learn about the later life of Crassus. While Crassus was running for consul, he gained public support by promising to restore the power of the tribunes.  He eventually one his campaign and fulfilled his promise. After he finished being consul, Crassus went to command a military campaign in Parthia where he ended up being killed in the Battle of Carrhae in 53 B.C. 



Livius, Titus. The Early History of Rome. New York: Penguin Books, 1971.

Description: This book was a great Primary source in helping me learn all about early Roman history.






"Marcus Licinius Crassus." The Roman Empire, http://www.roman-empire.net/republic/crassus.html, 2 May 2011. 

Description: This secondary source was a great source for learning about Crassus. His great wealth began when he started purchasing the houses' of Sulla's victims, and making sensational profits on selling them. Using this wealth he was able to create a troop of 500 slaves. Then, when one of the frequent fires would brake out, Crassus would buy the burning properties and rebuild them to make a lot of money. 


"Marcus Licinius Crassus Dives." Antiquitatis, http://antiquitatis.com/rome/biographies/bio_crassus.html, 1 May 2011.


Description: In this secondary source, I found a picture of a sculpture of Marcus Licinius Crassus.


Rodgers, Nigel. The History and Conquests of Ancient Rome. London: Anness Publishing, 2005.

Description: In this secondary source, it tells about one of Marcus' greatest achievements. He ended the slave revolt in Capua in 73 B.C. led by a former fighter, Spartacus. Then in 70 B.C., Pompey and Crassus both became consul and restored the courts to the knights and reduced the Senate's Power. 


           Tacitus. Nero and the Burning of Rome. New York: Penguin Books, 1995. 


Description: This Primary source provided me with great information about Nero and the Burning of Rome


Tranquillius, Gaius S. The Twelve Caesars. New York: Penguin Books, 1979. 


Description: A great primary source that told many great things about Caesar and his friends.


           Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1976.

Description: This book is a great secondary source. It explains that Marcus Licinius Crassus was very important to Julius Caesar. Marcus was very important to Caesar because Caesar borrowed money from Marcus to help him keep military command in Spain around 61 B.C.